Body shape
There is a tremendous diversity of fish in the world. Each of these species adapting to life in a particular habitat. By examining the body shape of fish, aquariast can learn a lot about fish habitat.
Entire Body
Body shape is one of the best indicators in determining the fish environment. Surface dwelling fish have a mouth upside down, a flat back. Tall, laterally compressed species such as Discus and Angelfish, which is adjusted to life in the slow-moving waters. Slender, torpedo-shaped fish better adapted to the moving waters. Bottom-living fish have been flatten the stomach and mouth inferior. Some residents have changed the basic-swim bladder so they "hop" along the substrate rather than swim.
Head
There are three general location of the mouth of the fish often show feeding habits of these species. Surface feeding fish usually have an undershot, reverse (superior) mouth to feed on insects. Feeding fish in mid water has a terminal mouth, which is usually regarded as "normal" fish mouth. Predator fish usually have a wide mouth, while the omnivorous fish have smaller mouths. Bottom feeding fish generally have underslung mouth or lower. Often, species eat bottom is also equipped with a mustache ("whiskers"), a tactile and taste organs are used for forage in dark or muddy waters. Some fish underwater, especially Loricarids, has a suction-cup like mouth to hoarse on algae, wood, plants, or mud (for small invertebrates).
Fin
The fins are used for movement, stability, nest-building, spawning, and as a tactile organ. Fins may be single or in pairs. Many fish aquarium hobby has seen in a long, drawn out fins, which have been developed through selective breeding. In nature, this fin is not found.
Caudal fin or tail used for propulsion. Fish that have forked tail fin-swimmers regularly fast. Fish that have been rounded tail fin is able to act fast fish as predators. Large, elongated tail fin which is often used to attract mates.
Single anal fin located at the bottom of the body just forward of the tail fin. Anal fin serves to stabilize the fish while swimming. long anal fin that moves in waves used for propulsion.
Stomach or abdomen paired fins located forward of the anal fin. Ventral fins are used to provide further stability in swimming. Sometimes the fins are modified as long, thread-like fins are used as a tactile organ. Then the pelvic fins are used by the catfish Corydoras to hold the eggs during spawning.
Paired pectoral fins located near the gill cover and is used to maneuver the fish. These fins have been adapted, in the case of some species under the sea, so fish can sustain themselves or even take a walk over or under water. Sometimes the pectoral fins are equipped with spines for defense.
Single dorsal fin located on the back of the fish and serve to help balance the fish while swimming. Fin rays are often sharp, and the spine is often present.
Adipose fin is a small fin was found between the dorsal and tail on some fish.
Body covering
Most fish are covered with scales, which protect the body. Some fish such as catfish have bony plates which serve the same purpose. Other species have a very small scale or no scale at all.
Body color
Although selective breeding has produced a number of unnatural colors and patterns, wild fish are colorful. Colors have an important role for fish. Some species rely on the lines or brown color that will be disguised and escape predators statement. other species using attractive colors to attract mates, while some species use the "eye-spot" for the disappointment which to attack predators. Mouth Cichlids African daydreaming often rely colored "egg-spots" for fertilization.
The color is determined by the pigments of fish and light reflection. Fish with a solid, dark color usually has a skin pigmentation, whereas species with silvery color games rely on light reflection. Some species can change their color, while the fish some consider a different color at night.
healthy fish is almost always more colorful than one unhealthy. To keep the fish in the form of color above, maintaining favorable conditions of water, eat different foods, and home with compatible tank friend. Some color-enhancing foods can help to bring out certain colors n fish. During territorial displays, during spawning season, and on the spawning, the color of most species increased.
Gill
Gills are organs by gas that is exchanged between the fish and surrounding water. Through the gills, fish can absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide carbon. Like the lungs, gills have a large area for gas exchange.
Some species have changed the gills and other organs so that they can air and extract oxygen atmosphere.
Because fresh water fish live in environments that they do, the water constantly passing on their bodies by osmosis. Osmosis is the movement of water from the area to an area of less soluble salts more soluble salt. This is the reason that the water penetrates into the body of the fish. Water outside is trying to dilute high salt concentrations in fish body. Therefore, freshwater fish are always out of water through their gills and never drink to keep the non-diluted salt body.
Mike from Canada added: "Yes, of each gill arch gill posterior emit soft and used in breathing and osmoregulation and all that, but the anterior face of the gill arch has, at varying levels, gill rakers Gill rakers bone point. forward and can be long and thin to eat filter or short, larger and fewer in number of items to catch larger prey in the oral cavity. "
Lateral Line
Lateral line organ is a series of fluid-filled channel that lies just below the scale. Lateral line system takes the vibrations in the water. So the fish is able to detect predators, find food, and navigate more efficiently. Many species of fish can navigate without vision in the dark or muddy water. Blind Cave Fish rely entirely on the lateral line system.
Swim bladder
Bladder swim bladder filled with air that is used to store fish in a state of neutral buoyancy where they do not sink or float. Thus the fish can sleep in the middle of the water. Numerous species of modified swim bladder to adjust their living habits. Some species can swallow air, which is passed to the swim bladder, where oxygen is excavation. This adaptation is very comfortable in the water deficiency of oxygen.
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